Lutein and Zeaxanthin

Lutein and Zeaxanthin and Their Potential Roles in Disease Prevention. Ribaya-Mercado JD, Blumberg JB. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2004;23(6):567S-587S.

The Potential Role of Dietary Xanthophylls in Cataract and Age-Related Macular Degeneration Moeller SM, Jacques PF, Blumberg JB. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2000;19(5):522S-527S.

Consumption of Menus Containing the Equivalent of Two and Four Egg Yolks in Older Adults on Cholesterol Lowering Medication is Associated with Significant Changes in Serum Lutein and Zeaxanthin Concentrations and Macular Pigment Optical Density (MPOD). Vishwanathan R, Goodrow E, Wilson T, Nicolosi R. The FASEB Journal 2007 21:847.2.

Eggs increase plasma HDL cholesterol and lutein concentrations in overweight/obese men following a carbohydrate restricted diet. Mutungi G, Ratliff J, Waters D, Torres-Gonzalez M, Clark RM, Volek JS, and Fernandez. ML. The FASEB Journal 2007 21:351.4.

A 12-wk egg intervention increases serum zeaxanthin and macular pigment optical density in women. Wenzel AJ, Gerweck C, Barbato D, et al. Journal of Nutrition 2006;136(10):2568-73.

Consumption of one egg per day increases serum lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations in older adults without altering serum lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. Goodrow EF, Wilson TA, Houde SC, Vishwanathan R, Scollin PA, Handelman G, Nicolosi RJ. Journal of Nutrition 2006;136(10):2519-24.

Change in plasma lutein after egg consumption is positively associated with plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein size but negatively correlated with body size in postmenopausal women. Waters D, Clark RM, Greene CM, Contois JH, and Fernandez ML. J Nutr 2007, 137:959-963.

Lutein Bioavailability Is Higher from Lutein-Enriched Eggs than from Supplements and Spinach in Men. Chung HY, Rasmussen HM, Johnson EJ. Journal of Nutrition 2004;134:1887-1893.

Lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations in plasma after dietary supplementation with egg yolk. Handelman GJ, Nightingale ZD, Lichtenstein AH, Schaefer EJ, and Blumberg JB. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1999;70:247-51.

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